反刍动物粗饲料利用的营养调控

Nutrition modulation of roughage utilization for ruminant

通过为反刍动物补添适宜的营养来调控瘤胃微生物区系的生长,可提高反刍动物对粗饲料的利用效率,改善其营养价值。调控反刍动物利用粗饲料的营养措施有:日粮精粗比,补添矿物元素,供给瘤胃氨态氮,补添氨基酸与肽,补充瘤胃蛋白,应用酸碱或缓冲盐调控瘤胃的pH值等。

Roughages, including hay (meal), grain byproducts (straw, hull etc), pulp, grass seeds, oil seeds etc, are usually poor nutritive feeds for ruminants The key for ruminants to utilize the roughage depends on the capability of rumen microorganisms to intake, digest and degrade the roughage Modulating the growth of rumen microorganisms through increasing nutritive allowance is an essential way to improve the nutritive value of roughage The ways to modulating the growth of rumen microorganisms include controlling the concentrate and roughage ratio of ruminant ration, adding minerals, supplying rumen ammonium nitrogen, adding amino acids and polypeptide, supplementing rumen past protein, and applying acid and alkaline or buffering salt to control rumen pH