社会主义经济论纲——兼论劳动、价值、纯产值与国民收入

An Overview of Socialist Economy--with Also A Discussion on Labor, Value, Net Output Value and National Income

社会主义市场经济必然是多种所有制、多种经济成分并存的经济 ,理解社会主义市场经济 ,关键在于对社会主义条件下的价值形成和收入分配问题的正确认识。在多种经济成分并存条件下 ,劳动创造出价值即纯产值 (V +M) ,纯产值不仅按劳分配 ,而且按其它生产要素如资本进行分配 ,通过市场竞争 ,等量劳动取得等量收益 ,而等量资本也取得各自的平均收益。在市场经济运行中 ,必然存在资本剥削 ,但从整个社会的角度看 ,这种按资分配是劳动者当家作主的社会对资本所有者的一种奖励。在社会主义市场经济中 ,劳动运营和资本运营并行不悖 。

Socialist market economy is inevitably an economy marked by the co existence of various forms of ownership and many kinds of economic components. The key to a correct understanding of socialist market economy lies in a full awareness of how value is generated and income distributed under socialism. Under conditions where different economic components are present at the same time, labor generates value in the form of net output value (V +M), which is then distributed not only in accordance with the amount of labor put in, but also with the input of other economic components, such as capital. By way of market competition, equal amount of labor gets equal amount of income, and equal amount of capital gets an average profit. In the process when market economy is practiced, exploitation of capital is inevitable, but when viewed as a whole, such exploitation is a kind of bonus given by a laborers' society to those who possess capital. For in socialist market economy, labor and capital go hand in hand to make contributions to the development of economy and the enhancement of people's livelihood.