寒区汇流数学模型在描述环境变化中的应用

Application of a confluence mathematical model to description of environmental changes in a cold area

由于全球性气候变化,进入20世纪90年代后,黄河源区干旱化趋势加剧,出现大量中、小型湖、塘干涸,草场大面积退化和荒漠化,沼泽湿地失水严重,饱冰冻土向少冰冻土退化趋势明显,一些外流湖变为内陆湖等生态环境退化现象。本文采用寒区汇流数学模型对黄河源区水资源状况进行分析。结果表明,补给系数(A1)、(A2)、(A3)和地下径流储蓄系数k2、k3的变化与黄河源区生态环境恶化有关,可用于定量描述黄河源区水环境恶化状况。

Since the 1990's the aridity of the headwater area of the Yellow River has shown as increasing trend owing to the global change in the climate. Consequently, a number of lakes of smalltomedial size has dried up and grasslands with a large area has degenerated and deserted. Loss of water content in swamps and wet lands and a trend of degeneration from icysaturated frozen earth to lowicy frozen obvious and significant. Some exorheic lakes have become endorheic lakes. A confluence mathematic model suitable in a cold area is used to discuss the water resources in the headwater area of the Yellow River. The research results indicate that changes in replenishment coefficients A1, A2 and A3 and storage coefficients of subsurface runoff and k2 and k3 are in relation to the degradation of the ecologic environment in the headwater area of the Yellow River. These kinds of coefficients can be employed to describe the degradation of the water environment in the headwater area of the Yellow River.