环境放射性监测中基于γ谱分析的事件识别

Identification of events in environmental radioactivity monitoring with gamma spectrometry analysis

目的 论述了如何利用环境放射性监测中基于γ能谱分析的数据进行核事件识别和判断的方法。方法 利用γ能谱分析获得环境样品中特征放射性核素的方法 ,可以判断核事件的类型 ;利用子体与母体 ,或者任意两个特征放射性核素的活度比推算核事件的发生时间和装料 ,并对环境放射性监测工作中的样品采集和测量系统提出具体的要求。结果 通过与既往环境放射性监测结果的回顾研究和对苏联切尔诺贝利核事故监测结果的分析证明 ,利用笔者提出的方法推测的事件性质与实际情况相吻合。

Objective\ To develop techniques for identification of nuclear events based on the data of radionuclides released into the atomosphere during nuclear events and acquired in environmental radioactivity monitoring with gamma spectrometry analyzing. Methods\ The verdiction of type of the nuclear events via its characteristic radionuclides measured in remote environmental radioactivity monitoring,and via the estimation of events date using the activity ratio of the radionuclides to their daughters.To assure the quality of the monitoring some requirements for sample collection and gamma spectrometry system configuration were proposed. Results\ It has been proved that the results deduced with the methods proposed in this paper conformed well with the facts.The deductions were based on retrospection of the past monitoring results for nuclear test events and for the Chernobyl accident. Conclusion\ The method which is proposed in this paper for verdiction of the type of nuclear events by using the characteristic radionuclides and by estimating the event date in environmental radioactivity monitoring are dependable.\;