集约化农区耕地利用变化及其驱动机制分析——以河北省曲周县为例

ARABLE-LAND CHANGE AND ITS DRIVING FORCES IN INTENSIVE AGRICULTURAL REGION——THE CASE OF QUZHOU COUNTY OF HEBAI PROVINCE

以河北省曲周县为集约化农区的典型样区 ,利用统计资料和典型调查数据 ,对该县 1 973年到2 0 0 0年耕地利用变化进行了分析 ,在此基础上探讨了县域耕地利用变化的驱动机制。分析表明 ,曲周县耕地面积年均递减率为 0 0 2 6% ,但高产田面积、水浇地面积、粮食播种面积单产分别增加了 4 91倍、2 1 5倍和 7 2 6倍 ;耕地内部种植结构表现为小麦播种面积稳定 ,玉米和棉花面积变化起伏大 ,蔬菜面积不断上升。耕地减少的直接原因是建设占用 ,耕地质量提高主要是中低产田改造的结果 ,粮食产量提高的直接驱动因子是科学技术进步 。

The Quzhou County of Hebei province is one of intensive agricultural regions in China. Based on statistics data and detailed investigations of arable-land use information collected from 1973 to 2000, this paper analyzes the quantity change and land use pattern change of arable-land. The result shows that arable-land is decreasing at the rate of 0 026% a year, at the same time,the high production area, the irrigated area and the yield in 2000 are as much as 4 91 times, 2 15 times, and 7 26 times in 1973, respectively. While the wheat sown area is stable, the sown area of maize and cotton fluctuated greatly and the area of vegetable has increased constantly. The decrease of arable-land resulted directly from the increase of construction land. The increase of arable-land quality and increase of crop yield is due to the improvement of agricultural technology and the reform policies related to arable land utilization.