工业用水效率全过程驱动因子识别模型

A full decomposing model for industrial water use efficiency

识别工业用水效率驱动因子能为工业节水提供科学依据。以万元工业增加值新鲜用水量描述工业用水效率,考虑新鲜水取用、重复利用和工艺用水三个环节,利用对数平均迪式指数法(LMDI),分解得到了重复用水率、工艺节水和产业结构三个驱动因子,建立了工业用水效率全过程驱动因子识别模型。通过山东省1995-2010年工业用水效率驱动因子识别,以及与现有仅考虑新鲜取用水模型对比,分析验证了该模型合理性。当所有工业行业重复用水率均没有变化时,两个模型才等价。新鲜用水模型无法反映重复用水影响,不能准确测算驱动因子贡献值,而全过程模型能科学全面的分析识别驱动因子。工艺节水是导致山东省工业用水效率显著提升的主要因子,重复用水率是次要因子,产业结构影响较小。2005-2010年期间,由于重复用水率从促进因子变成抑制因子、工艺节水贡献大幅下降,用水效率提高速度显著降低。山东省应全面提高工业行业重复用水率,挖掘高耗水行业工艺节水潜力,优化工业结构,继续降低高耗水行业比重。

Identifying drivers for industrial water efficiency can provide a scientific basis for industrial water conservation.The added value of water abstraction per ten thousand Yuan industrial outputs was used to measure industrial water use efficiency(IE).A new model was developed to quantitatively identify the drivers of IE using Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index(LMDI)method,including fresh water abstraction,water reuse and production process water use.The change of IE was decomposed into three drivers,i.e.,water reuse rate(P),water use efficiency in production process(IW)and industrial structure(S).The model was then applied to Shandong province and compared with the fresh water model.These two models were equivalent when water reuse rate did not change.The fresh water model could not reflect the effects of water reuse and cannot accurately attribute the contributions of different drives.In terms of contribution,IW was the dominant driver leading to the increase of IE,while P was the secondary driver and the contribution of S was very limited.The increasing IE during 2005 to 2010 was greatly reduced because the contribution of IW significantly decreased and the contribution of P changed from positive to negative.It should comprehensively increase the water reuse rate for the industrial sector in Shandong province,explore the water-saving potential of high-water consumption industries,optimize the industrial structure,and continue to reduce the proportion of high-water consumption industries.