基于ORC的太阳能热电联产系统优化设计

Optimal design of solar CHP system based on ORC

针对太阳能资源丰富的偏远地区小型建筑群的用能需求,提出了一种基于有机朗肯循环(ORC)的太阳能热电联产系统,即采用真空管太阳能集热器收集热量,供给ORC系统发电,并采用其余热进行供暖的系统。对该系统建立了数学模型,通过与实验结果的比较,验证了模型的正确性。以某部队哨所为例,采用正交优化设计的方法,以费用年值最小为目标函数,以真空管太阳能集热器面积、蓄热水箱容积、蒸发器换热面积、冷凝器换热面积、蓄电池组容量及发电机组启动压差为设计变量,建立了系统优化模型,确定了最优组合的折合发电电价为2.3元/(kW·h),能免费供暖。进行了全年逐时运行工况模拟,结果显示,哨所94.56%的用电负荷由该系统承担,5.44%的用电负荷由辅助能源系统柴油发电机承担,100%的供暖负荷由该系统承担。从经济性、环保性及可靠性3个方面评估了该系统能源供给方式的优越性。

Proposes a solar CHP system based on organic Rankine cycle(ORC)to meet the energy demand of the small building communities in remote regions with abundant solar energy resources,which collects solar energy by evacuated tube solar collector,and generates electricity through the ORC system,then transfers the surplus heat to heat network.Develops a mathematical model for the system and validates it by experiments.Taking a sentry post as an example,establishes an optimal system model with the orthogonal optimization method,takes the minimum annual cost as the objective function,and covers design variables of solar collector area,heat storage tank volume,evaporator heat exchange area,condenser heat exchange area,battery capacity and generator activated pressure difference.The equivalent power price of the optimal combination is 2.3 Yuan/kWh,and it achieves free heating.Conducts the hourly operation simulation during the whole year.The results show that the system takes 94.56%of electrical load and 100%of heating load,5.44%of electrical load is by the diesel generator of the auxiliary energy system.Evaluates the superiority of the system from the aspects of economy,environmental protection and reliability.