药用植物发酵培养的工业化探讨

Industrialization of Medicinal Plant Tissue Culture

药用植物发酵培养的工业化 ,对我国有着特殊的意义。因为我国是世界上使用和出口药用植物最多的国家。国际上红豆杉、长春花、人参等“热门”药用植物的培养方兴未艾 ,药用植物的器官培养异军突起 ,药用植物发酵培养的研究逐渐深化。我国药用植物的培养在细胞、器官和毛状根等各方面均有所涉足 ,对长春花、三七、三分三、紫草、红豆杉等进行了大规模培养的探索。但总的看来 ,反应器的规模还很小 ,放大后培养的技术尚不成熟。我们应从发展的角度认识到药用植物发酵培养的巨大应用潜力 ;从中药现代化的高度开发药用植物发酵技术 ;特别要加强不同领域科研人员之间的合作 ,在世界上敢为人先 。

Compared with other countries, the industrialization of medicinal plant tissue culture is more important for our country because China is consuming and exporting the most amounts of herb materials in the world. Each year, many papers and patents are published on cell cultures of popular medicinal plants, such as Taxus sp., Catharanthus roseus , and Panax ginseng , and, meanwhile, the research on organ cultures of medicinal plants is increasing very quickly, which is deepening the study of medicinal plant tissue culture. During the past 30 years, Chinese scientists have cultured many medicinal plant cells, organs and hairy roots. In addition, the large scale cultures have been tested on medicinal plants, such as Catharanthus roseus, Panax notoginseng, Anisodus acutangulus, Lithospermum erythrorhizon, and Taxus chinensis . However, the bioreactor size is not big enough for the commercial cultivation and we have not mastered the culture technique on a large scale. We should clearly understand the importance and great potential benefit of medicinal plant tissue culture and develop the tissue culture techniques for the modernization of TCM. To develop the technique that we have the property right, the pioneering spirit is needed in our research, and, meanwhile, it should be pointed out emphatically the collaboration is indispensable among scientists from different research fields.