超临界流体与膜过程耦合技术的研究进展

Advances in membrane processes coupled with supercritical fluid technology

单独应用超临界流体技术或膜技术 ,会出现一些难以克服的缺点 ,而将两者结合在一起的耦合过程可以很好地发挥各自的优势 ,符合绿色化工过程的要求 ,有广阔的应用前景。综述了超临界流体和膜过程耦合技术自出现以来在过程开发和基础研究方面的进展情况 ,其中包括超临界CO2 回收、膜分离过程强化、提高超临界流体萃取选择性以及超临界膜反应等方面开展的研究工作和取得的结果 ,并指出了有待解决的关键性问题和今后的发展方向。

Supercritical fluid and membrane technology may be of great interest to the public due to their environmentally benign applications and less energy-consuming requirement. However, some serious drawbacks are still unavoidable when they are applied separately. A novel idea of integrating both supercritical fluid and membrane technology into a single process is proposed. The integration will gain advantages over either supercritical fluid or membrane technology. Research progress in the coupled technology of both supercritical fluid and membrane is reviewed and what have been achieved in the past and what is most concern for academic research and industrial applications of this hybrid technology is presented. The topics such as the recovery of supercritical solvents, modified membrane separation, enhanced supercritical fluid extraction and supercritical reactions in membrane reactors etc., are highlighted. Finally, the key problems and future development direction are pointed out.