宁夏农村高血压社区干预效果评价

Evaluation of community-based intervention on hypertension patients in rural areas in Ningxia

目的评价宁夏农村高血压患者社区干预的效果。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取宁夏5个县(市)的1 717例农村高血压患者作为研究对象,分为社区干预组与对照组各817例。对干预组患者实施高血压及相关危险因素的健康教育及改变不良生活方式,通过比较干预组与对照组患者干预前后知晓率、治疗率、控制率、不良生活行为改变率,评价干预效果。结果干预后干预组高血压患者的知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为87.37%、73.59%、44.89%,明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);干预组患者干预后吸烟率、饮酒率、超重率较干预前均有明显降低,低盐饮食率较干预前明显提高,合理运动率同干预前相比差异无统计学意义。结论采取以健康教育为主导,改变不良生活方式的社区干预措施是农村地区高血压防治的有效方法,应进一步推广。

Objective To evaluate the effect of community-based intervention on hypertension patients in rural areas in Ningxia.Methods Through cluster multistage and random sampling,1717 hypertension patients in rural areas were selected from five coun ties(cities) in Ningxia;they were included in the current study.1717 cases were randomly divided into the community-based intervention group and the control group: intervention group,given health education for patients with hypertension,and patients in control group were given nothing.Effectiveness was evaluated through contrasting the intervention group and control group about the percentages of awareness,situation of taking medicine,pass rate of blood pressure control and bad behavioral change with original ones.Results In hypertension patients,the percentages of awareness(87.37%),rate of taking medicine(73.59%),pass rate of blood pressure control(44.89%) in intervention group were higher than those in control group(P<0.01);moreover,rates of smoking,drinking and overweight of the intervention group were remarkably decreased(P<0.01),rates of low-salt diet were increased(P<0.01),rates of sensible exercise was no obviously different from those before the intervene.Conclusion It is effective to take community intervention measures,especially health education and improving life style on prevention and control hypertension in rural area.