集约化饲养模式下巴美肉羊与小尾寒羊产肉性能的比较研究

Comparison of meat-productivities between Bamei Sheep and Small-tail Han Sheep under intensive feeding pattern

为研究集约化饲养模式下巴美肉羊与小尾寒羊的生长性能、屠宰性能及肉品质指标,试验选择4月龄体况良好、体重相近的巴美肉羊和小尾寒羊公羔各10只,按品种分为2组,饲喂以精粗质量比为50∶50(干物质基础)的全混合日粮(TMR)。测定各试验羊饲养120d期间的相关生长性能指标和相关屠宰性能及肉品质指标。结果表明:1)巴美肉羊的干物质采食量、试验末体重、总增重和日增重均极显著高于小尾寒羊(P<0.01);2)巴美肉羊宰前活重(P<0.01)、热胴体重(P<0.05)和眼肌面积(P<0.05)均显著高于小尾寒羊,而屠宰率则显著低于小尾寒羊(P<0.01);3)巴美肉羊背最长肌宰后45min的pH(P<0.05)、宰后1h的红色度(a*)和黄色度(b*)(P<0.01)以及宰后24h的红色度(a*)(P<0.05)等指标均显著高于小尾寒羊,而巴美肉羊背最长肌的剪切力、滴水损失和蒸煮损失等指标显著低于小尾寒羊(P<0.05)。由此可见,在以TMR日粮为主要饲喂方式的集约化饲养模式下,巴美肉羊比小尾寒羊能发挥更高的生产性能并生产出品质更佳的羊肉。

The study was conducted to make a comparison of growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality traits between Bamei Sheep and Small-tail Han Sheep under the intensive feeding pattern.Ten male Bamei lambs and ten male Small-tail Han lambs with similar ages and body weights were selected to be the experimental animals for a 120-day feeding experiment with the Total Mixed Ration(TMR,forage∶concentrate=50∶50(DM basis))as the main feeding method.Within the 120-day period of feeding experiment,the growth performance of all experimental animals was evaluated.After that,the lambs were slaughtered and their carcass characteristics and meat quality traits were measured immediately.The results showed:1)for growth performance,Bamei lambs had a significantly higher dry matter intake(DMI),final body weight(Final BW),total weight gain and average daily weight gain(ADG)than those of Small-tail Han lambs(P<0.01);2)for dressing performance,it was observed that the values of fasting live weight,hotcarcass weight and rib-eye area of longissimus dorsi muscle in Bamei lambs were dramatically higher than that of Smalltail Han lambs(P<0.05),whereas it was reverse for the dressing percentage(P<0.01);3)for meat quality traits,It was found that the longissimus dorsi muscle of Bamei lambs had considerably higher values of postmortem pH45min(P<0.05),meat colour in a*and b*estimates after 1hof exposition to the air(P<0.01)as well as meat colour in a*estimates after 24hof exposition to the air(P<0.05)than that of Small-tail Han lambs;in addition,compared with Small-tail Han lambs,Bamei lambs showed lower values of shear force,drip loss and cooking loss of longissimus dorsi muscle(P<0.05).In conclusion,Bamei lambs tend to play a better performance on the growth rate,carcass characteristics and meat quality traits compared with that of Small-tail Han lambs under the intensive feeding system with TMR as the main feeding method.