我国高致病性禽流感疫情及其应对机制

A study on the epidemic situation and coping mechanism of highly pathogenic avian influenza in China

为研究我国高致病性禽流感疫情的蔓延特点、变化趋势和应对策略,预防禽流感疫情的大爆发,利用世界卫生组织公布的2003—2013年有关禽流感疫情数据,以及国家卫生部发布的有关疫情公告,进行统计与分析。结果表明:在WHO报告的15个发生H5N1禽流感疫情的国家中,我国发生确诊病例42人、死亡28人,总感染人数和死亡人数均位于第四,具有发生时间长、死亡率高的特点。H7N9疫情发生突然,爆发期约1个月,截至2013年底,共发生感染病例141人,死亡45人,疫情波及12个省(市)的42个地市。我国在完善应急预案制度基础上,建立了公开、及时、透明的禽流感疫情信息通报机制,同时将H7N9禽流感纳入国家乙级传染病监控体系,诊疗水平不断提高。

In order to study the characteristics of the epidemic situation,its development tendency and coping strategy of China,to provide a reference for preventing the bird flu spread to a greater scale around the world,a statistical analysis had been conducted based on the bird flu epidemic data during 2003~2013published by WHO,and the analysis of the outbreak announcement issued by the National Health and Family Planning Commission.The results showed that China had announced 42 confirmed cases of human infection with H5N1 virus and 28 deaths,which was in the fourth among the 15 countries reported by WHO,the occurring status had the characteristics of long time and high mortality.The outbreak of H7N9 avian flu occurred suddenly,the epidemics almost continued for a month,and 42 cities of 12 provinces were affected with 141 confirmed cases and 45 deaths.On the basis of improving the emergency mechanism,an epidemic information reporting mechanism has been established with characteristics of timely,rapid,open and transparent.At the same time,bring H7N9 avian flu has been brought into Class B monitoring system of the infectious disease,and the level of illness diagnoses has been constantly improved.