中国省域耕地生态承载力供需平衡状况

Supply and demand balance of ecological carrying capacity in provincial arable land of China

为研究我国耕地承载力状况,有效利用自然资源、促进可持续发展,以耕地供需平衡关系为切入点,以“hm^2”为计量单位,用'中国标准的耕地生态足迹'算法,构建耕地生态承载力供需盈余/赤字系数;以2015年为例,对中国耕地生态承载力供需平衡状况进行系统评价。结果表明:1)中国表现为耕地生态平衡或盈余的约70%的土地面积上仅承载着约30%的人口,而表现为耕地生态赤字的仅约30%的土地面积上却承载着70%的人口,中国耕地生态承载力空间分布已严重失衡。2)中国各省级行政区的耕地生态承载力表现出明显的差异性,总体上由东南向西北逐渐从严重超载状态向富富有余状态过渡,且耕地生态赤字区主要分布在人口密度大、流动人口迁入较为集中的东部沿海城市地区。

To study the carrying capacity of arable land in China,make effective use of natural resources and promote sustainable development,the relationship between supply and demand of arable land ecological carrying capacity is taken as the starting point.According to the'Chinese Standard Ecological Footprint of Arable Land',the national hectare('nha')was adopted as the unit of measurement and a supply-demand balance index(SDI)of arable land ecological carrying capacity was constructed.Taking 2015 as an example,the balance between supply and demand of arable land ecological carrying capacity in China was systematically evaluated.The results indicated that:1)30%of the population in China live on 70%of the affluent and balanced arable area,and the other 70%of the population is distributed in the 30%ecological deficit arable area,ecological carrying capacity of arable land has been seriously unbalanced.2)The ecological carrying capacity of arable land in China’s provincial administrative regions shows obvious differences,ranged from severe overload to affluence from southeast to northwest.The ecological deficit area of arable land is mainly distributed in regions located at eastern coastal areas which are attracted by migrants and have a large population density.