野生与驯养异齿裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分比较分析

Comparison of nutritive composition in the muscle of wild and domesticated Schizothorax oconnori

为评价野生与驯养异齿裂腹鱼肌肉营养价值差异,分别对野生与驯养异齿裂腹鱼肌肉常规营养成分、氨基酸组成、脂肪酸组成进行测定和分析比较。结果表明:常规营养成分中,驯养组肌肉粗脂肪质量分数极显著低于野生组(P<0.01),粗蛋白、灰分及水分质量分数没有显著差异(P>0.05);各氨基酸质量分数之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);野生组与驯养组之间,必需氨基酸(EAA)质量分数、总氨基酸(TAA)质量分数、EAA与TAA质量比之间均没有显著性差异(P>0.05),野生和驯养异齿裂腹鱼第一限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸。野生和驯养异齿裂腹鱼必需氨基酸指数分别为61.10和58.63;野生和驯养异齿裂腹鱼肌肉脂肪酸组成差异较小,驯养组硬脂酸(C18∶0)、花生一烯酸(C20∶1)质量分数极显著高于野生组(P<0.01),ARA(C20∶4)质量分数显著高于野生组(0.01≤P<0.05),十七碳一烯酸(C17∶1)质量分数显著低于野生组(0.01≤P<0.05)。异齿裂腹鱼脂肪酸组成中,饱和脂肪酸(SFA)总量、单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)总量、多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)总量在野生组与驯养组之间均没有显著差异(P>0.05)。总体而言,野生与驯养异齿裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分差异较小,不饱和脂肪酸质量分数均较高,野生组和驯养组分别为68.59%、74.50%,均富含EPA、DPA、DHA。

To evaluate the difference of the nutrient composition of muscles between the wild and domesticated Schizothorax oconnori,the common nutritional component contents,amino acid and fatty acid composition of these two kinds of fish were analyzed.The results showed that the crude fat of the domesticated group was extremely significantly lower than that of the wild group(P<0.01),while there was no significant difference in the crude protein,ash and water in muscles between the wild and domesticated S.oconnori(P>0.05).The contents of essential amino acids(EAA),total amino acids(EAA)and the ratio of EAA and TAA showed no significant differences(P>0.05).Tryptophan was the first limiting amino acid both in the wild and domesticated fishes.The essential amino acid indices of wild and domesticated S.oconnori were 61.10 and 58.63,respectively.The contents of stearic acid(C18∶0)and arachidonic acid(C20∶1)in the domesticated group were extremely significantly higher than those in the wild group(P<0.01),and the contents of ARA(C20∶4)were significantly higher than those in the wild group(0.01≤P<0.05).The content of C17∶1 was significantly lower than that in the wild group(0.01≤P<0.05).The total saturated fatty acid(SFA),total monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)and total polyunsaturated fatty acid(PUFA)in muscles showed no significant differences between the wild and domesticated groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,the contents of unsaturated fatty acids in the muscle of wild and domesticated S.oconnori were respectively 68.59%and 74.50%,and both rich in EPA,DPA and DHA.