影响甜高粱主要农艺和品质性状的环境因子剖析

Analysis of environmental factors affecting the main agronomic and quality traits of sweet sorghum

为探究影响甜高粱主要农艺和品质性状的环境因子,选取不同基因型甜高粱品种(系)为材料,在天津市、新疆维吾尔自治区、内蒙古自治区和辽宁省4个省市自治区开展试验,分析主要目标性状与环境因子间的关系,并构建目标性状的预测模型。结果表明,影响株高、茎粗和茎节数以基因型效应为主;影响穗长以基因型×环境互作和基因型效应为主;影响穗重以环境效应为主;影响锤度和粗蛋白含量是基因型、环境和基因型×环境互作三者平均作用的结果。锤度与土壤pH、有机质含量和速效磷含量呈极显著正相关;粗蛋白含量与昼夜温差和有机质含量无显著关系,与降水量等8个其他因子均达极显著正相关。通径分析和逐步回归分析结果表明,日均温度、昼夜温差、土壤pH以及速效磷含量是影响穗重的主要因子,其中土壤pH效应最大且为负效应;≥10℃有效积温、土壤pH和有机质含量是影响锤度的重要因子;土壤有机质含量贡献率最高,为正效应;影响粗蛋白含量的关键因子为降水量。

In order to analyze the environmental factors affecting the main agronomic and quality traits of sweet sorghum,experiments were conducted in four regions of Tianjin,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Liaoning Province with different genotypes of sweet sorghum as study materials.The relationship between the target traits and environmental factors were analyzed and a prediction model for target traits was established.The results showed that:The plant height,stem diameter and the number of stem nodes of sweet sorghum were dominated by genotype effect;Its panicle length was dominated by genotype×environment interaction and genotype effect and panicle weight was dominated by environment effect;Brix and crude protein content were the result of the average interaction of genotype,environment and genotype with environment.The brix was positively correlated with soil pH value,organic matter content and available phosphorus content,while the crude protein content had no significant correlation with diurnal temperature difference and organic matter content,but it was positively correlated with eight other factors such as precipitation;Path analysis and stepwise regression analysis showed that daily average temperature,diurnal temperature difference,soil pH value and available phosphorus content were the main factors affecting panicle weight,among which soil pH value had the greatest and negative effect;≥10℃effective accumulated temperature,soil pH value and organic matter content were the important factors affecting the brix,and the contribution rate of organic matter content was the highest,which had a positive effect on crude protein content.The key factor affecting the crude protein content was precipitation.