加工番茄生长、NPK营养及产量对磁化水滴灌的响应

Response of Processing Tomato Growth,NPK Nutrition and Yield to Magnetized Water in Drip Irrigation System

大田滴灌条件下,通过设置常规滴灌对照(CK)、250 mT磁化处理水滴灌(T250)和300 mT磁化处理水滴灌(T300)3个处理,研究了不同磁强磁化水滴灌对加工番茄生长发育、养分吸收及产量的影响。磁化水滴灌能够促进加工番茄的生长发育、生物量以及干物质累积。坐果中期和收获期磁化处理的干物质量比对照分别增加6.9%~16.9%和8.7%~21.2%;加工番茄小果数(φ【10 mm)和大果数(φ≥10 mm)也比对照分别增加23.7%~25.0%和7.3%~12.5%。磁化水灌溉可明显改善加工番茄的N、K营养,收获期加工番茄植株单株N、K吸收量分别为1.7~1.9 g株和3.9~4.0 g株,与CK相比分别提高了23.5%~42.2%和30.9%~33.1%。磁场强度为300 mT磁化水处理的番茄产量为142 065 kghm2,显著高于对照的129 885 kghm2,增产9.4%。磁场强度为300 mT磁化水滴灌对促进加工番茄的生长发育、改善养分吸收和提高加工番茄产量有明显作用。

In order to investigate the effects of magnetized water supply on processing tomato growth,NPK nutritional status and yield,a field experiment was carried out in drip irrigation condition. Three treatments of fresh water drip irrigation(CK),250 mT(T250) and 300 mT(T300) magnetization intensity treated water drip irrigation were involved. An obvious effect of magnetic water on processing increasing tomato plant growth and dry weight accumulation was observed. For instance,in contrast to CK,processing tomato dry weight increased by 6. 9% ~ 16. 9% at fruit setting stage and increased by 8. 7% ~ 21. 2% at harvest stage with T250 ~ 300 magnetic water irrigation treatments,respectively. Meanwhile,numbers of small size fruit( φ < 10 mm) and large size fruit( φ ≥10 mm) improved by 23. 7% ~ 25. 0% and by 7. 3% ~ 12. 5%,respectively,with comparison with CK at the red ripe stage. Amounts of nitrogen and potassium absorbed were 1. 7 ~ 1. 9 gplant and 3. 9 ~ 4. 0 gplant with magnetic water irrigation treatments. Compared to CK,its values increased by 23. 5% ~ 42. 2% and by 30. 9% ~ 33. 1%,respectively. Processing tomato yield(142 065 kghm2) was significantly higher with T300 treatment than CK(129 885 kghm2), and the yield enhanced by 9. 4%. In conclusion,there has an obvious effect of 300 mT magnetized water on promoting processing tomato growth,improving plant N and K uptake as well as increasing tomato yield under drip irrigation system.