玉米高光效休耕轮作土壤含水量和光分布特征

Soil Moisture and Light Distribution of High Photosynthetic Efficiency Fallow Rotation Corn

通过四平地区春玉米田间试验,研究玉米高光效休耕轮作与玉米常规均匀垄耕种方式对比,在土壤容重、玉米根系干质量、土壤含水量、玉米透光率及产量方面的影响。结果表明:在玉米拔节期,0~40 cm土层土壤容重高光效显著低于均匀垄;在成熟期,0~10 cm和10~20 cm土层土壤容重高光效较均匀垄低6.98%和10.01%;根系干质量在玉米的吐丝期、乳熟期和成熟期高光效分别较均匀垄高19.04%、19.09%和18.84%;玉米在整个生长期,高光效比均匀垄平均含水量高出2.14%;均匀垄中部透光率平均值低于高光效,高光效底部透光率平均值在6月28日、7月14日和8月4日比均匀垄分别高15.33%、10.67%和7.00%,差异达显著水平。高光效较均匀垄单产产量高,且呈逐年递增的趋势。

Through spring corn field experiment in Siping area,high photosynthetic efficiency fallow rotation corn compared with conventional homogeneous ridges was researched,influence of soil bulk density,maize root dry weight,soil moisture content,corn light transmittance and production was studied. Soil bulk density of high photosynthetic efficiency of 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer was significantly below compared with uniform ridge in the maize jointing stage. Soil bulk density of high photosynthetic efficiency of 0 ~ 10 cm and 10 ~ 20 cm soil layer was lower compared with uniform ridge by 6. 98% and 10. 01% in the mature period.Root dry weight of high photosynthetic efficiency in the spinning stage of corn,milk stage and mature stage was 19. 04%,19. 09% and 18. 84% higher than uniform ridge. High photosynthetic efficiency average water content was 2. 14% higher than uniform ridge in the corn whole growth period. Transmittance average of middle uniform ridge was lower than high photosynthetic efficiency. Transmittance average of at the bottom of the high photosynthetic efficiency on June 28,July 14 and August 4 was respectively 15. 33%,10. 67% and 7. 00% higher than that of the uniform ridge,difference reached significant level. Yield production of high photosynthetic efficiency is higher than uniform ridge,and the trend was increasing year by year.