我国农村普惠金融发展的微观特征分析

Individual Characteristics of Rural Financial Inclusion in China

本文基于世界银行2014年普惠金融调查数据对我国农村普惠金融的发展情况进行了系统考察,并从性别、年龄、收入水平及受教育程度4个方面对我国农村普惠金融发展的整体水平、障碍因素、借款来源及储蓄动机问题进行了微观特征考察。研究表明,我国农村普惠金融发展的微观特征呈现出一定的规律性,女性群体、老年群体、低收入群体和低教育群体是普惠金融发展过程中尤其需要关注的群体,这些群体对金融的参与程度将直接影响普惠金融发展效率。因此,应在提升农村女性家庭地位、完善社会保障体系、加强精准扶贫力度、普及金融消费者教育方面积极调整政策,以期有效提升农村普惠金融的发展效率。

In this paper,the individual characteristics ofrural financial inclusion in China are identified and evaluated.Invesitgating overall level,barriers,sources of borrowing and savings motivation of rural financial inclusion is the main purpose of this study.The results show that the individual characteristics of financial inclusion in China have some certain regularities: women,elderly,low-income and low education groups are especially in need for attention during the development of financial inclusion,whose participation will directly affect the efficiency of financial inclusion.Therefore,we should actively adjust policies to enhance women’s family status,improve the social security system,strengthen the precision poverty alleviation efforts and popularize financial consumer education,so as to improve the efficiency of financial inclusion in rural area.