中国海水养殖技术效率测评

Study on Technical Efficiency Evaluation of Chinese Marine Aquaculture

本文基于2006—2014年的相关数据,运用三阶段DEA模型对中国10省份的海水养殖技术效率进行了测评,并分析了部分外部环境变量对中国海水养殖技术效率的影响。结果表明,中国海水养殖技术效率整体上仍有较大提升空间,且导致效率缺失的主要原因是规模无效,纯技术无效率的程度则相对较低。另外,从各省份的纯技术效率和规模效率均值来看,地区间发展不均衡,其中天津、海南规模效率相对较低,未来需进一步优化养殖规模。河北则整体效率值均相对较低,需要同时注重规模和管理水平的调整。此外,外部环境因素对中国海水养殖技术效率有一定程度影响,其中人均GDP水平、水产技术推广人数和养殖受灾率与其正相关,渔民人均纯收入与其负相关。

Based on the relevant data,the article calculates the marine aquaculture technology efficiency of 10 provinces in China from 2006 to 2014 by three stage DEA model.It also analyzes the influence of external environment variables on the technical efficiency of marine aquaculture in China.The results show that there is still a large space to improve the overall technical efficiency of marine aquaculture in China.Scale inefficiency is the main reason of the loss of efficiency,and the contribution of the pure technical inefficiency is relatively low.According to the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the 10 provinces,the unbalanced development across regions is observed.Among them,the scale efficiency of Tianjin and Hainan are relatively low.These two provinces need to optimize the scale of farming in the future.The overall efficiency in Hebei is relatively low.More attention is paid to the adjustment of both scale and management.In addition,the external environment factors have a certain influence on the technology efficiency of marine aquaculture.The efficiency is negatively related to the per capita net income of fishing family,while the per capita GDP,the actual number of fisheries technology extension people and the farming disaster rate have a positive effect on the efficiency.