英国光荣革命的宽容和平方案及其历史意义

The Plan of Peace and Tolerance in UK's Glorious Revolution and Its Historical Significance

英国光荣革命之前,因宗教改革而产生的天主教与新教之间的宗教矛盾与因社会发展而产生的资产阶级与在宗教改革中获利的土地贵族之间的阶层矛盾,为宽容和平解决方案的提出提供了必要的前提条件。光荣革命中,天主教国王与新教国会之间围绕着接班人问题暂时搁置了宽容和平的方案,但资产阶级与土地贵族之间却达成了宽容和平。光荣革命之后,天主教徒、资产阶级与土地贵族各方逐步接受了宽容和平的思想,用宽容和平方案以化解各方矛盾,从而最终使得英国政府获得了英国社会中绝大多数阶层的支持,成为近代以来最为稳固的国家政权。

Before the Glorious Revolution in the United Kingdom,religious conflicts between Catholic and Protestant forces had been simmering as a result of the incomplete religious reform undertaken in the UK. Meanwhile,the class conflicts between the bourgeoisie who gradually came into notice as a result of rapid social development and the land-owning aristocrats who profited hugely from the land reforms had also exacerbated. These conflicts provided the necessary prerequisite for the advancement of a tolerant and peaceful solution to the Glorious Revolution. Although there had been disputes over succession to the English throne between the Catholic King and the Protestant parliament,the bourgeoisie and the land-owning aristocrats managed to strike a deal on a plan of peace and mutual tolerance. After the Glorious Revolution,Catholics,bourgeois and land-owning aristocrats gradually accepted the concepts of peace and tolerance and agreed to settle their difference through tolerance and peace,which ultimately won the British government the vast majority of class support and made the United Kingdom the most solid state power in modern times.