美国的文化回应性教学探析

On American Culturally Responsive Teaching Strategy

美国是一个以多元文化并存为特征的移民国家。文化会影响到教学、学习及学生和教师的行为,如何从教学上对学生种族与文化背景的多样性做出有效的回应,是美国教师面临的一项严峻的挑战。文化回应性教学是一种回应学习者社会文化背景和整合学习者的文化内容来塑造有效的学习环境的教学方式。在美国,文化回应性教学常用的教学策略有:探究式教学、批判式教学、对学生的学习进行多元化的评价、小组合作学习、加强教师和学生的教学交往、利用身体和直觉的方式进行教学等。

America is characterized as a multicultural nation of immigrants. Culture will influence teaching,learning and the behaviors of teachers and students. How to culturally respond to students' diverse racial and cultural backgrounds is a big challenge for American teachers. Culturally responsive teaching is an approach to instruction that responds to the socio-cultural context and seeks to integrate the cultural content of learner in shaping an effective learning environment. There are six strategies identified as being most effective and available for teaching culturally diverse students: using inquiry teaching,facilitating critical teaching,using multiple evaluations,using small-group and cooperative learning,promoting teacher-student interactions,and employing intuition and body in the classroom.