印度棉花产业发展情况及对中国的启示

Development of Indian Cotton Industry and Its Enlightenment to China

长期以来印度植棉面积居全球第1位,近年在单产提升的带动下棉花产量跃居全球首位。近年来,印度棉花生产成本远远低于中国,棉籽的油用率提升较快,国内棉花总消费量尤其是工厂用棉呈增长态势,随着政府对棉花政策性支持力度加大,较好地协调棉花资源与国际棉价的矛盾,使印度棉花以较高的价格出售,且出口量增长,稳定了本国棉花生产收益和积极性。印度是中国进口棉花的主要来源国之一,在全球棉花贸易中占有重要地位。为了明晰印度棉业近年来发展态势,搜集印度官方网站数据,分析了其棉花生产、消费和进出口贸易结构等,提出了对中国棉业发展的启示,并结合中国棉业现状,提出了相关建议。

For quite some time,cotton planting area in India ranks first in the world,and cotton production has leaped to the top of the world in recent years,driven by the increase of unit yield.In recent years,the cotton production cost in India is far lower than that in China,the oil use rate of cottonseed has increased rapidly,and the total domestic cotton consumption,especially cotton for factory use,has shown a growth trend.With the increasing in policy support of government for cotton,the contradiction between cotton resources and international cotton prices has been well coordinated,so that India's cotton was sold at a higher price,and the export volume increased,which stabilized its cotton production income and cotton planting enthusiasm.India is one of the main sources of China importing cotton,and occupies an important position in the world cotton trade.In order to clarify development of the cotton industry in India in recent years,the authors collected data from Indian official websites,and then analyzed its cotton production,consumption and trade structure and so on.At the end,the enlightenments to the development of China's cotton industrywere raised.Based on the status quo of China's cotton industry,some relevant suggestions were put forward.