2-氯丁烷、1,2-二氯丁烷气态生成焓的测量

Measurements of Enthalpies of Formation of 2-Chlorobutane and 1, 2-Dichlorobutane in Gaseous State

用转动氧弹燃烧热量计测量了298.15K时2-氯丁烷和1,2-二氯丁烷的标准液态燃烧反应内能变化值,得到了它们的标准气态生成焓值,并进一步考查了二氯取代对氯代烷烃气态生成焓值的影响量.

Heats of combustion of 2-chlorobutane and 1, 2-dichlorobutane were measured at 25°C by a rotation bomb combustion calorimeter with a tatanum lined bomb, the results being respectively -2680.51±0.95, -2529.54±1.63kJ/mol. Enthalpies of formation in liquid and gaseous state were derived: 2-chlorobutane, -198.43±0.99, -166.66±0.99kJ/mol; 1, 2-dichlorobutane, -231, 35±1.66, -191.21±1.66kJ/mol. The used enthalpes of vaporization were determined by a LKB vaporization calorimeter, they are respectively 31.77±0.08, 40.14±0.07kJ/mol. The influences of the inter-molecular interactions between the two chlorine atoms in a molecule on the enthalpies of formation were calculated and discussed again for 1 2-dichloroalkanes.