试论我国社会养老保险制度的分配效应与改革走向

Towards the Distribution Effect and Reform Trend of China's Social Endowment Insurance System

养老社会保险本质上是为满足社会老年成员基本生活需要、以国家为主体进行的收入再分配。其基本功能在于弥补初次分配和再分配中的市场失效,以维持社会公平,并促进社会的长期稳定和经济的持续发展。目前,我国现行的社会养老保险制度不仅不能有效地调节收入分配差别和刺激消费,相反在一定程度上加大了这种差别,并抑制了居民的当期消费。在我国社会总需求不足的条件下,社会养老保险制度的改革,应以分配效应为基本取向,着力于增加低收入阶层的收入,稳定低收入阶层的收入预期。

The essence of endowment insurance is to meet the old people's demands of basic living,it is the re-distribution of income that the main body is the nation,and its basic function is to make up the market invalidation in the first distribution and re-distribution,maintain the social justice,promote the long-term stableness of society and the continuous development of economy.At present,our social endowment insurance system can not adjust the differences between distribution and income,and can not stimulate consumption,on the contrary,it enlarged the differences and restrained the consumption to a certain extent.In the conditions that social total demand is not enough,the reform of social endowment insurance system should take the distribution effect as the basic trend,put forth effort to add the income of low-income people and to steady their income expectation.