焦循易学宗旨管窥

A Restricted View on Jiao Xun's Doctrine of Changeology

焦循指出 ,《周易》的宗旨就是“教人改过”。因为 ,人与动物的根本区别就在于人能够被“教” ,《易经》的卦辞和爻辞便是圣人教民以治天下的结晶 ,而阐发《易》理的《论语》和《孟子》则是对“伏羲之教”的继承和光大。同时 ,“变通”又与“改过”等义 ,《周易》中“以同声为假借”的丰富内容就体现着“变通”的思想 ,这不仅成为焦循衡量过往一切易学典籍和易学家的一个重要标尺 ,而且也因此使其易学具有了道德哲学的显著特征 ,并充满了生气与活力。

The principle of The Book of Changes, Jiao Xun argued, is its doctrines of correcting through teaching, for the cardinal difference between men and animals is mens teacheability, the essense of which as embodied in the Eight Trigrams of Ying Yang configuration, is the achievement the Saints have made in administering the state through teaching, whereas The Confucian Analects and Mencius in which the doctrine of The Book of Changes was elucidated, are the inheritance and glorification of Fuxis Teaching'. Change' means correction'. Ample examples of Syno\|phonetic loaning embodied and elaborated in The Book of Changes have not only become an important hallmark with which Jiao Xun evaluated all the classics and changeologists in the past, but also have extended his changeology in a new dimension with traits of ethics, vigor and vitality.