西方经济政策、分配政策及扶贫政策观点上的分歧及其原因分析

An Analysis of Differences in Policies of Economy,Distribution and Poverty Alleviation in Western Countries

过去的 2 0年里 ,西方经济学界在经济政策、财富分配和扶贫政策上存在着较大的分歧 ,而且有越演越烈的趋势。在分析这些分歧的基础上进一步探索分歧的本源 ,认为分歧的存在主要是由于两类思维方式 (“政府思维方式”与“民众思维方式”)在看待经济问题的角度和理解问题框架的不同造成的。最终 ,本文将冲突与分歧的本源归结为 :聚合尺度不同、时间尺度不同及对市场机制与能力理解的不同。只要充分认识到这些分歧的本源 ,本着求同存异的态度 ,持这两种不同观点的人是完全可能进行对话而非对抗的。

The disagreements on economic policy, distribution and poverty reduction seem to have intensified over the past 20 years. Based on the analysis of the differences, this paper believes that the differences derive mainly from two different modes of thought, i.e. government-oriented thought and citizen-oriented thought. This paper concludes that the differences in the measurement of aggregation, time scale and the interpretation of market structure and power are the three major factors contributing to the disagreements. It argues that if people with different modes of thought can recognize the causes of the conflicts, it is entirely possible to find common ground through negotiation rather than confrontation.