半导体微粒光催化性能机理及其应用

Photocatalytic Performance Mechanism of Semiconductor Particle and Its Application

半导体微粒的光催化效应发现以来 ,由于其在环保、水质处理、有机物降解、失效农药降解等方面的重要应用而引起人们的重视。近年来 ,找寻活性好、催化效率高、价廉、特别是能对太阳敏感的材料 ,一直是人们努力的方向。本文主要探讨了二氧化钛等有关半导体的微粒的光催化性能 ,介绍了微粒颗粒晶型、表面积、粒径等形态结构以及金属离子掺杂、复合半导体、贵金属沉积和光敏化等多种改性技术对其催化活性的影响 ,及其在环境保护领域的应用前景。

The photocatalytic effect of the semiconductor particle has the important application in environmental protection, water treatment, organic substance degradation, and degradation of invalid pesticide, so people have tried hard to find the materials that have higher photocatalytic effect and are cheaper and more sensitive to the sunlight. This article introduces the photocatalytic mechanism of titania and discusses the influence of different factors and techniques on its photocatalytic properties. These factors include the morphological structure such as crystal structure, surface area and particle size, and the techniques are metal ion adulteration, precious metal deposition, composite semiconductors, photosensitization and so on.The paper also shows the application of photocatalytic technology to the environmental protection.