上下肢血压差在高龄老人护理中的价值

Value of Nursing Observation on Blood Pressure Difference Between Upper and Lower Extremities in Venerable Age Group

目的 :探讨上下肢血压差在高龄老人中的护理观察价值。方法 :采用四肢血压同步测试仪对 94例 80岁以上的高龄老人进行四肢血压同步测试 ,并按心血管疾病诊断标准分为健康、高血压并脑卒中、高血压动脉硬化、冠心病、糖脂代谢紊乱 5组 ,进行上下肢血压差的组间对比。结果 :高龄老人上下肢血压差与心血管疾病有密切关系。高血压并脑卒中组上下肢收缩压、舒张压差值与健康组比较均有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 1) ;高血压动脉硬化组收缩压差值高于健康组 (P <0 .0 1) ,而舒张压差值无统计学意义 ;冠心病组收缩压差值低于健康组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,舒张压差值无统计学意义 ;糖脂代谢紊乱组收缩压、舒张压差值与健康组比较均无统计学意义。结论 :上下肢血压差尤其是收缩压的差值可作为观察高龄老人心血管功能状况的一项指标 。

Objective: to explore the value of nursing observation on blood pressure difference between upper and lower extremities in venerable age group. Methods: a total of 94 cases beyond the age of 80 years old were taken blood pressures of extremities by using extremities synchronous hemadynamometer. All these cases were divided into 5 groups according to the diagnostic criterion for cardiovascular diseases. The 5 groups include healthy, hypertension complicated with cerebral apoplexy, hypertension with arteriosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and glucolipidometabolic disturbances. Comparisons were made on the upper and lower extremities blood pressure difference between different groups of cases. Results: the upper and lower extremities blood pressure difference of high-aged had close relations with cardiovascular diseases. In terms of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure differences between upper and lower extremities, there were statistical significance between patients of hypertension complicated with cerebral apoplexy group and the cases of healthy group (P<0.01). In terms of systolic blood pressure difference of upper and lower extremities, hypertension with arteriosclerosis cases were higher than that of healthy cases (P<0.01). Systolic blood pressure difference of upper and lower extremities of coronary heart disease patients were lower that that of healthy cases (P<0.05). However, there was no statistical difference between patients with glucolipidometabolic disturbances and healthy cases in terms of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure differences between upper and lower extremities. Conclusion: the blood pressure difference of upper and lower extremities particularly the systolic blood pressure difference may be as an index for observing the cardiovascular function status in venerable age group. It may have some important value in the clinic of cardiovascular diseases.