北京地区室内氡浓度研究

Indoor Radon Measurements in the Region of Beijing.

本文报道了北京地区14种代表性建筑物室内的氡浓度,并对北京地区室内氡源的相对影响进行了分析。结果表明,房屋下面的地基土壤和建筑材料是室内氡的主要来源,占室内氡全部来源的70—80％;地面和建筑物表面的裂隙、孔道是氡气进入室内的主要途径;生活用水、民用燃煤和燃气对室内氡的影响不到2％。北京地区地面建筑室内平均氡浓度为30Bq/m^3,所致居民年有效剂量当量为0.93mSv。地下建筑中室内平均氡浓厦为35Bq/m^3,所致居民年有效剂量当量为1.3mSv。

The indoor concentrations of radon in 14 types of typical dwellings in Beijing area were measured. Analysis of radon sources with respect to their relative contributions to indoor concentrations of the gas was carried out. It is found that70-80% of the indoor radon comes from the soil beneath the foundations of the dwellings and the construction material. The crackes on the floors and walls of the construction are the main path for radon to enter into rooms. Daily used water, fuel coal and fuel gas contribute less than 2% of the indoor radon. The average indoor concentration of radon in Beijing area was measured to be 30Bq/m3, corresponding to an annual effective dose equivalent of 0.93 mSv to dwellers. While, the average concentration in basement rooms was 35Bq/m3, corresponding to an annual effective dose equivalent of 1.3 mSv.