水质酸化对水生生物影响的研究

A STUDY OF EFFECTS OF WATER ACIDIFICATION ON AQUATIC ORGANISMS OF DIFFERENT TROPHIC LEVELS

通过人工模拟试验,评价了水体酸化对不同营养级水生生物的影响.结果表明,不同营养级水生生物忍耐pH的阈限为5.0—5.5.

A study was carried to assess the effects of low pH (treatment under pH 3.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, and 6.0) on aquatic organisms of different trophic levels. Results indicated that at pH 5.5-8.3 the fluctuation of the abundance of aquatic organisms was generally normal. At pH 5.0, abundance of zooplankton increased while abundance of algae and heterotrophic bacteria reduced because the later two categories were repressed by a large quantity of zooplankton. At pH 5.0, abundance of pulmonata, aquatic insects and duckweed reduced and growth rates of fish decreased. At pH 4.5, abundance of zooplankton descended rapidty while pulmonata and duckweed descended progressively. When a few predator presented, algae and heterotrophic bacteria increased and a large number of acid resistingl arvae of aquatic insects (Chirononus dorsalis) hatched. At pH 3.0, abundance of zooplankton, pulmonata, aquatic insect, duckweed and heterotrophic bacteria reduced to zero. The resisting threshold of aquatic organisms to low pH was within the range of pH 5.0-5.5.