《朝花夕拾》和《从文自传》的比较研究

Studyon on "Collected the Morning Flowers at Dusk" and "Congwen's Autobiography" by Comparing

《朝花夕拾》和《从文自传》分别是鲁迅和沈从文具有自传性质的作品 ,从这两部作品中 ,可以清楚地看到乡土对作家的影响和塑造。从文化土壤上来说 ,浙东的传统文化给了鲁迅丰厚的学养 ,同时又束缚了他的个性 ,使鲁迅的作品一方面开拓了中国文化的新视野 ,另一方面又无法与新的文化完全融合。相比之下 ,湘西的文化传统是自由而放纵人的 ,它使沈从文可以平和地对待它。从社会风俗上来说 ,鲁迅敢于对民间风俗持怀疑的态度 ,而沈从文的作品则是全身心的融入乡土和热爱民俗。从生命形态上来看 ,鲁迅的作品是珍视生命的 ,而比之鲁迅 ,沈从文可以说是崇拜生命。作家回望乡土 ,准确地抓住了自己的根 ,受地方文化影响 ,鲁迅把敏锐的目光投向了社会 ,去发现隐在世态人生中的丑恶 ,并无情地揭露它们。沈从文却很自然地把目光投向大自然和乡民 ,由此而发现了隐含在其中的值得他珍视和赞颂的生命力。由此使乡土在两位作家笔下显示出了很不相同的底色 :社会的黑暗和自然的明朗。

The thesis compared and contrasted Lu Xun's Collected the Morning Flowers at Dusk and Shen Congwen's Congwen's autobiography. It compares their spiritual resources of native land from the visual angle of native land. It contains three factors: cultural soil, Lu Xun's and Shen Congwen 's hometown were all had cultures of long standing, but they were very different; social custom, people of their hometown lived at different styles,habits,religions and life pattern, they had different belief of life according to their experience in childhood time at their hometown.