南方平原地区农药污染农田生态环境质量评价

Assessment of Pesticide Pollution in Farmland Ecological Environment of Plain Area in South China

本文根据南方热带亚热带平原地区农田生态环境特征,以广东省佛山市农田环境为例,从卫生毒理学和生态学角度出发,探讨了加权污染指数法在农药污染农田环境质量评价中的应用,提出了利用植物对农药的吸收系数和土壤中农药的流失系数确定评价因子权重系数的方法。根据南方平原生态环境特点确定土壤中的农药“残留允许量”;并认为农药标准具有较强的区域性和地带性,不宜制定单一的标准,南方热带亚热带地区农业土壤农药标准应严于北方。

Based on the features of the tropical and subtropical farmland ecological environment of South China and proceeding from hygienic toxicology and ecology, Plus-Weight-Pollution-Index method is used to assess the quality of farmland environment in Foshan Area, Guangdong, which was polluted by pesticide pollutants. The weight index can be calculated after the determination of the plant absorption index and the soil flowing index. The assessment standards of soil pesticide pollutants (BHC and DDT) are determined on the basis of farmland ecological environment features in South China. The regional factors should be considered when the soil pesticide residue tolerance is determined and it is not proper to formulate a unique standard, the soil pesticide pollutant standard of South China should be more stringent than that of North China.