心理量表在运动心理学领域的应用状况分析

An Analysis on Application of Psychological Scale in Sport Psychology

旨在探讨心理量表在运动心理学领域应用方面存在的问题、方法以检阅文献资料的方法 ,对近十年来 14种学术期刊的 6 75篇有关运动心理学方面的论文进行分析研究。结果 ( 1)最近 10年来国内运动心理学研究者应用心理量表的论文占论文总数的 2 6 % ( 177篇 ) ( 2 )涉及心理量表的论文共归结为十一种主要类别 :情绪、人格、归因、心理健康、智力、气质、应激、人际关系、自信、运动表象、注意力。 ( 3) 177篇论文总共涉及到 75种心理量表 ,其中运用最多的量表是 :卡特尔十六种个性因素测验 ( 16PF)、状态 -特质焦虑问卷 (STAI)、症状自评量表 (SCL -90 )、运动竞赛状态焦虑量表(CSAI -2 )、艾森克个性问卷 (EPQ)、运动竞赛焦虑测验 (SCAT)等。大多数工具都是从其它心理学领域转借而来 ,作者亲自编制量表极少 ;( 4 )绝大多数文章都是以专业运动员和大学生为研究对象 ,教练员和裁判员仅有 3篇论文涉及 ,结论近十年来 ,心理量表在运动心理学领域的应用处于平稳的发展状态当中 ,总的情况并不乐观。只有充分挖掘心理量表在研究与实践方面的优势 ,结合本学科的特点加以合理的运用 ,国内运动心理学水平才会迈上一个新的台阶。

Object: To investigate the problems in psychological scale applied in sport psychology; Methods: Searches on 675 piece of articles in sport psychology for post 10 years. Results: 26%(177) articles are applied in 75 kinds of psychological scale, e.g. 16PF, STAI, SCL-90, CSAI-2, EPQ, SCAT, etc., which are come down to 11 kinds (emotion, personality, attribution, mental health, intelligence, temperament, stress, inter-personal relationship, self-confidence, sport-idea, attention); most of these scales are made use of other flied of psychology, and a few of scales are workout by authors themselves; most authors taken the athletes and students as research sample, and only 3 articles involved in coach and judge. Conclusion: it is not optimistic that psychological scale applied in sport psychology for post 10 years, if the application were combined with the specialty of sport psychology, the higher levels of research and practice of our nation sport psychology must be advanced.