纳米晶的结构形貌控制及生长机理研究

A Study of Growth Mechanism and Control of Structure and Shape of Nanocrystal

综述了纳米晶研究的最新进展,着重介绍了纳米晶形貌、尺寸和结构控制的新方法,评述了纳米晶的相转变及生长机理研究的新发现和新观点,对其生长规律做了新的概述。诸如气氛、羟基、蛋白质等个别不被人们注意的因素有可能是影响纳米晶结构形貌的关键。STM等技术像温度、压力一样能够诱导纳米晶体的相转变。一种鲜为人知的现象在纳米晶合成研究中被揭示出来,即纳米晶在一定条件下存在着叠合生长现象,晶体的初始位错起源于纳米晶的叠合生长。

Latest advances in studies on nanocrystal are reviewed in this paper,with focus on methods for controlling the size,shape and structure of nanocrystal. Some new viewpoints and discoveries in this area are discussed, and the mechanism of nanocrystal growth is summarized from a new viewpoint. Some factors such as atmosphere condition,protein,hydroxy radicel etc. .which tend to be ignored generally,are the keys to controlling the shape and structure of nanocrystal. Moreover,techniques such as STM,like temperature,pressure etc. ,can induce the phase transformation of nanocrystal. A new phenomenon, splicing growth of nanocrystal, which is the main factor causing crystal dislocation has been disclosed.