论理学对中国“画气”说的影响

The Influence of the Chinese Idealist Philosophy on the "Hua Qi-theory"(Painting Style and Rhyme) of Traditional Chinese Painting

中国画学中以气论画的传统可以追溯到六朝时期,而真正形成具有丰富理论内涵的画气说则在两宋。画气说的形成具有明显的哲学背景,北宋以来的理学思潮是画气说形成的最直接因素。本文认为,理学对画学理论中气论的影响主要集中在三个方面,一是为画气说提供一个有机论的基础,在气机哲学的影响下,中国画学将表现对象活泼生机作为根本目的,这突出体现在山水画和花鸟画中;二是从审美体验角度,中国画学形成了“以气合气”的独特创作思想;三是在绘画艺术形式上,气势论成为一引人注意的理论,六朝时的气韵生动理论获得了新的发展。

This essay discusses the effects produced on the ' qi - theory' about Chinese painting by Chinese Idealist Philosophy from the three different perspectives of organic view, of the relationship theory between nature and man, and of the ' yin - yang theory' . To the author s opinion, Chinese painting embodies the special awareness of life typical of traditional Chinese culture.