白芍传统品种原植物遗传多样性及亲缘关系分析

Genetic diversity and relationship of different populations of original p lants of Radix Paeonia Alba

为探讨白芍原植物各居群间的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,本实验应用RAPD技术,使用40条随机引物对10个白芍原植物居群的叶片总DNA进行PCR扩增。结果表明:白芍10个原植物居群间具有较丰富的遗传多样性,多态率达63.64%。由结合线L=0.7975可将10个居群划分为6组,原植物为芍药(PaeonialactifloraPall.)的6个居群中有4个居群集中在第3组,显示了种内遗传关系的相似性,其中川白芍(芍药)花色有变,同时雄蕊有部分瓣化的现象,与野生种(韩城芍药)有较远的遗传关系;山东荷泽居群雄蕊全部瓣化,种质可能来自于观赏芍药突变体,在遗传关系上与芍药的其他居群有一定的距离。原植物为毛果芍药〔P.lactifloravar.trichocarpa(Bunge)Stern〕的4个居群中,杭白芍粉红花居群和白花居群独立成一组,与形态分类的结果一致。芍药及其变种毛果芍药的遗传关系非常近,但是有交叉。因此形态分类和遗传关系应综合考虑,作为种下分类单位的确定也应慎重。

RAPD is used to study the genetic diversity and relationship of plant populations of Radix Paeonia Alba, in which 40 random primers are used. Ther e are rich genetic diversities among 10 different populations (the polymorphic ratio is 63.67%). Based on the combining line (L=0.797 5), ten popul ations can be classified into 6 groups. The 4 populations in 6 Paeonia lactifl ora Pall. populations are intensively clustered in section 3, which reveals a high genetic ident ify. The population of Chuanbaishao ( P. lactiflora ) in Zhongjiang, Sichuan Province is outgrouped by different flower color and partial ly petaloid stamens, it shows a long genetic distance between the cultivar and w ild in sect. 3. The population of P. lactiflora from Heze, Shandong Province , as the descendan t of a probable mutation of the decorative cultivars, is characterized with comp letely petaloid stamens and separated from others in heredity. Among the 4 popul ations of P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa (Bunge) Stern, the white and pi nk flower populations of Hangbaishao from Pan'an, Zhejiang Province are cluster ed into a separate section, which is consistent with the result based on morphol ogical classification. P. lactiflora has a close relationship with its var iety P. lactiflora var. trichocarpa . We should compre hensively deliberate on the classification of units infraspecific and tak e a consideration based on morphology and genetic distance.