试析晚清自开商埠的成因

Try to Discuss the Causes of the Commercial Ports Opened Initiatively in Late Qing Dynasty

清廷自1899年始,为杜绝外人觊觎,而自主开放并自行管理了一批商埠,这些商埠即为“自开商埠”。“自开商埠”出现的原因一是在清末商务思想发展的基础上,晚清官员及一些知识分子对于自开商埠的认识有了重要变化;二是在甲午战争的触发下,清廷为解决实际的财政困难,政治上为了“隐杜觊觎,保全主权”,将自开商埠的思想付诸实践。另外,日本对清末自开商埠的客观影响也是原因之一。对晚清自开商埠的作用应予以肯定。

In order to prevent the covetousness of the foreigners, the government of Qing Dynasty opened and managed initiatively some commercial ports from 1899 and on. The officials of the late Qing Dynasty and some intellectuals, on the basis of development of business ideas, had an important change, in mind, in initiatively opened commercial ports. Furthermore, under the inducement of such external factors as Japan's influence advanced transportation, in the end, Qing Dynasty put it into practice with deeply consideration, especially outbreak of the war in 1895,in order to put through in economy and secure the sovereignty and prevent the covetousness.