中国科学社股东、股金与改组

Study on Stockholders,Money Paid for Shares and Reorganization of the Science Society of China

通过对中国科学社"认股一览表"、"交股一览表"和"股金总收入"三份档案资料及中国科学社第一次常年会会计报告的校勘,将中国科学社股东名单及其股金交纳情况清楚展现出来,厘清了诸如章元善、胡适等在中国科学社初创时期的地位,更正了学界一些相关误识。同时,分析中国科学社股东与股金收入情状及发展趋势,结合《科学》杂志经营状况,表明1915年10月25日中国科学社由股份公司改组为纯学术社团,除社员们发展中国科学的主观愿望外,还有更严峻的经济困窘因素。

Through checking the three archives 'Table of Stocks Subscribed','Table of Stocks Handed Over' and 'Gross Income from Money Paid for Shares' as well as the first accounting report by the Science Society of China (1916), this paper is able to give a clear account of the names of stock holders of the society and how money was paid by Zhang Yuanshan, Hu Shi and others in the initial stage of the society, and makes corrections for certain correlated misundersandings among academic circles. At the same time, the paper holds that apart from the subjective wish of the members of the society to promote science in China, there was even a more severe element of economy being in straitened circumstances for reorganizing the Science Society of China from a stock company into a purely academic mass organization on Oct. 25, 1915.