基于GIS的公路地质灾害信息管理与决策支持系统

Road′s geological hazards information management and decision making support system research based on GIS

根据地理信息系统在国内外的实际应用情况以及公路地质灾害的发生和监测管理存在的自身特点,提出了开展公路地质灾害信息管理与决策支持系统研究的必要性,并分析了系统开发目标、开发原则和研究的关键技术.在系统实践过程中,结合西部一条运营高速公路中重点地质病害路段的实际情况,开发了基于GIS的公路地质灾害信息管理与决策支持系统.该系统以地质灾害的空间图形信息和属性信息为基础建立系统数据库,依托数学评价、预测和预报模型以及GIS系统的空间分析能力,形象地评价、预测和预报了地质灾害,为西部公路建设管理部门有效控制和防治地质灾害、降低地质灾害造成的损失提供科学决策依据.

Based on the practical application of GIS (Geology Information System) throughout the world, combined with the characteristics of road′s geological hazard and its supervision, the paper expounded the importance of the research on road′s geological hazards information management and decisionmaking support system. The paper also analyzed the system′s target, the principles and key techniques in developing the system. In the research, the road′s geological hazard information management and decisionmaking support system based on road was studied, and it was applied to one speedway in the West of China which contains typical geological hazards. The system builds the database of road′s geological hazard on the grounds of spatial graphic information and attribute information. By virtue of the scientific assessment and prediction mathematical model, integrating the GIS's strongpoint on spatial analyzing, the system is capable of visualizing the regionalization of road according to the geological hazards it contains, and of assessing and predicting geological hazards accurately, thus it helps the road construction and management units efficiently to control the geological hazards and reduce the related loss.