棉花对棉铃虫为害超补偿作用的生理机制

Physiological mechanism of over-compensation by cotton plants for simulated bollworm infestation on early squares

为研究棉花对棉铃虫为害超补偿作用的生理机制 ,作者在山东省滨州市棉田进行了模拟第二代棉铃虫为害的试验。结果表明 :每株棉花摘除 8个早蕾后 ,最终成铃数增加 13 4% ,其中下部第 6及其上果枝的成铃数增加较多。处理组棉叶中可溶性糖和淀粉含量上升 ,氨基酸含量下降 ,光合作用强度加大 ( 3 6 %～ 6 7% ) ,叶面积系数增加 8 5 %～ 2 8 1% ,单株生产力增大 ,从而揭示了超补偿作用的重要机制。

The physiological mechanism of over-compensation in cotton plants, Gossypium hirsutum, for simulated infestation of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, on early squares was studied. Removal of 8 early squares by hand from each plant gave 13.4% more bolls than the control, and the increase in the bolls on the 6th and higher fruiting branches of treated plants contributed more to the increase of total bolls. Physiological determination showed that soluble sugar and starch contents in treated cotton leaves increased, while content of total free amino acids decreased. Increase in total leaf area (8.5%-28.1%) and photosynthetic activity (3.6%-6.7%) suggested they could be important reasons for the over-compensation observed in the treated plants, which resulted in higher productivity.