远东地区影响针叶树天然更新的球果种实害虫———球果花蝇 (双翅目 :花蝇科)( 英文)

Cone flies, Strobilomyia spp. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), affecting conifer natural regeneration in the Far East

球果花蝇是远东地区的重要球果种实害虫。尤其是在我国东北地区 ,由于球果花蝇的危害已严重影响了落叶松种子产量 ,进而影响到落叶松的造林与更新。本文系统地总结了近些年危害落叶松、云杉、冷杉种实的球果花蝇的研究进展及存在的问题。文中还涵括了作者的一些原始研究数据和尚未发表的新结果。

Strobilomyia flies are major pests of the cones and seeds of conifers in the Far East. In this region, this apparently monophyletic genus includes 20 species whose larvae specifically develop in the cones of Larix, Abies and Picea. The highest diversity is observed in larch in Northeastern China where the cone resource is shared among seven fly species. However, the precise knowledge of the specific distribution, life cycle and economic impact of Strobilomyia spp. has been hindered by taxonomic uncertainties. This paper reviews this important group based on some 108 publications on cone flies in the Far East, and presents additional original data obtained in Central Siberia, Kamchatka, Heilongjiang and northern Yunnan provinces. The fly species related to larch, fir and spruce are successively reviewed according to a common scheme including: distribution, host species and identity; morphology of adults, eggs, larvae and pupae; biology and phenology; damage importance; and forecast and control methods.