吐哈油田注水开发过程中的地层损害因素分析

THE FORMATION DAMAGE FACTORS IN THE WATERFLOODING DEVELOPMENT OF TUHA OIL FIELD

吐哈油田是一个低渗透、低孔油田。其储集层一般具有泥质胶结物多,孔喉细小,结构复杂,非均质性严重等特点,极易受到损害。吐哈油田在钻井完井过程中采取了一系列措施以避免地层损害。注水开发过程中地层损害与钻井完井过程中的明显不同,其影响因素很多,最终结果表现为油层储渗条件的恶化,不利于油气渗流。结合吐哈油田地质特征和生产实际中的开发开采动态,阐述了油田注水开发过程中的地层损害因素,并作了简要分析。这对于吐哈油田注水开发过程中的油气层保护工作具有一定的现实意义。同时,对于其它低渗透油田注水开发也有一定的借鉴意义。

The reservoirs in Tuha, a low permeability, low porosity oil field, which have rich shaly content, fine and complex structure pore throat and severe heterogenity, is apt to be damaged. Although a series of measures have been adopted to avoid formation damage during drilling and completion here, the formation damage during waterflooding is very different from that during drilling and completion. The formation damage factors during waterflooding are presented and analyzed briefly according to the geologic characteristics and production performance of Tuha oil field. This is helpful for reservoir protection of Tuha oil field, and can provide references for similar low permeability oil field.