中国能源安全与政策选择

China's Energy Security and Policy Choices

能源安全是一个直接与能源供求比例相联系的概念 ,但在全球化条件下 ,能源安全又应当是一个处于开放体系中并与世界相互依存的概念。中国能源安全问题并不主要是供给总量与需求总量的矛盾 ,而是由清洁能源需求刚性上升而供给严重不足所引发的结构性矛盾 ,这是中国能源安全问题中的主要矛盾 ;石油短缺是我国国内能源安全主要矛盾中的主要方面。在全球化条件下 ,一国的能源安全不仅是经济问题 ,同时它也是政治和军事问题 ;它不仅与国内供求矛盾及其对外依存度相联系 ,同时它还与该国对世界资源丰富地区的外交、军事影响和控制力相联系。目前世界石油需求不平衡加剧 ,中国加入WTO后 ,中国能源产业面临巨大压力。为此 ,中国要制定适合中国国情的能源安全政策。

The concept of energy security is directly linked not only to the relations between energy demand and supply,but also,under the conditions of globalization,it is linked to an open global system.The problem of energy security for China is not mainly derived from the imbalance in the total supply and demand,but from the imbalance in the energy structure of supply and demand due to the large-scale need for clean energy.This is the basis for China's energy security problem,of which the deficiency in oil is the major problem.Due to globalization,the energy security of a country is not only an economic problem, but also political and military problems.It is closely affected by supply and demand and the external dependence of the country,as well as by the diplomatic relations between the affected country and those countries with rich resources,the country's military influence and its potential for control.At present, the supply and demand for oil face greater imbalances as China's entry into the WTO puts greater pressures on its energy industry.Therefore,China should formulate an energy security strategy with Chinese characteristics.