《西游记》《红楼梦》中“石头”的文化隐喻

The cultural implications of the “stone” in A Journey to the West and A Dream of the Red Chamber

《西游记》《红楼梦》中的主人公孙悟空 (石猴 )、贾宝玉 (顽石 )都因“石”而生 ,因情而造 ,因石性而反叛传统文化 ,缘石性而得人。文章认为由于有了文化重负 ,创造力萎缩 ,自由空间狭小 ,所以取经路上的孙悟空失去了“大闹天宫”中的孙悟空的生趣、神勇。贾宝玉反叛的也是传统文化 ,贾宝玉选择了反叛 ,也就选择了毁灭 ,但正是这种毁灭才创造出了意味深长的审美悲剧。二者所坚持的为人之本性 ,即石性 。

Both Sun Wukong (stone monkey) in A Journey to the West and Jia Baoyu (insensate stone) in A Dream of the Red Chamber were born because of “stone”, rebelled because of human kindness, revolted against the traditional culture and won the respect from the other people because of the nature of stone. The present author points out that, having influenced by the human kindness, Sun Wukong lost the joy of life and the bravery on his way to the West, as he once did in the heavenly palace. It is believed in the present article that as a rebel, Jia Baoyu revolted against the traditional culture and chose destruction. It is such destruction that creates a meaningful tragic beauty. Consequently, it can be seen from Sun Wukong and Jia Baoyu that in the Chinese traditional culture, the nature of man is that of stone.