谢灵运与宗炳佛学理论之异同及其对文艺理论与创作的影响

Similarities and Differences Between XIE Ling-yun and ZONG Bin's Buddhism Theories and Their Influence in Literal Theories and Writing

谢灵运与宗炳同属晋宋之际文人,一为山水诗人,一为山水画家,由于对佛学的理解有所不同,因此对于佛法与山水自然之关系的认识也就有所差异。宗炳认为自然山水皆为佛之神明所感生,只有在澄怀息虑的精神状态下,才能"应目会心",故提出"畅神"之说。谢灵运则认为山水与佛法的关系乃是色与空的关系,观照幽静空灵的自然山水之境即是体认自己朗然清净的真如佛性,因此通过观照山水体悟佛理,遂形成山水诗中的"玄言尾巴"。

XIE Ling yun and ZONG Bin were both famous figures in Jin and Song dynasties, one being a scenery poet, one being a scenery painter. Their different understandings of Buddhism led to their different understandings of the relationship between Buddhism and natural scenery. ZONG Bin thought that the natural scenery came out of Buddhist deities whereas XIE Lin yun thought that the relation between the scenery and Buddhism was that between color and vacancy.