铝土矿开采对金佛山甑子岩植被生长发育的影响

Effects of exploiting aluminum mine on the development of vegetation in Zengziyan of Jinfo Mountain

对金佛山甑子岩植被生长发育的研究表明:1)铝土矿开采区内的植物群落正由矮林退化为灌丛,而远离矿区的群落正发生顺行演替;2)矿区内的物种多样性和均匀度均低于未开矿区;3)矿区开采后的羊踯躅的生长速率极显著地低于开采前的生长速率,而未开采区内的杉木年生长速率无显著差异;4)未开矿区的马尾松年平均生长速率极显著地(P<0.01)高于已开采区马尾松的生长速率:5)已开采区的马尾松平均敏感度高于未开采区、结果表明,铝土矿的开采、污染物的排放以及相关的人类活动已对甑子岩地区的植被造成了明显的负面影响。对此,应加强矿区的管理,控制各种污染,减少植被采伐,同时还要重视退化区的植被保护与恢复重建工作。

The investigation on the development of vegetation in Zengziyan of Jinfo Mountain showed thai.: l)The plant community at the mining area has degenerated from short forests to shrub, while the plant community at non-Mine district was on progressive succession; 2)Both species diversity and evenness at the mine district were lower than those at the non-mine district; 3)The rate of growth of Rhododendron molle at the mine district after 1985 was significantly(P<0.01) lower than that before 1985, while the rate of growth of Cunnlnghamia lanceolata at the non-mine district was no significantly different from before; 4)The mean rate of growth of Pinus massoniana for each year at the non-mine district was significantly(P<0.01) higher than that at the mine district; 5)The mean sensitivity of Pinus massoniana at the mine district was higher than that at the non-mine district. The results above indicated that the exploitation of aluminum mine, the discharging of pollution and correlative human activities had already affected the development of the vegetation in Zenziyan. More attentions should be paid to manage mining area, controll pollution, protect plants, and recruit the degenerating vegetation.