粮食安全的耕地保障检讨及近期耕地调控思路

EXAMINATION OF CULTIVATED LAND UTILIZATION TO GUARANTEE OUR GRAIN SECURITY AND ITS RECENT ADJUSTMENT THOUGHTFULNESS

粮食安全问题是各国政府必须首先解决的问题,我国政府也不例外。在基本自给自足的粮食安全思想支配下,我国政府十分关注国内耕地的开发、利用和保护,并借其基本解决了10多亿国民的吃饭问题。然而,其中存在的问题也不少,主要是新增耕地数量多、耕地质量下降严重,耕地面积的保有倍受关注、耕地集约利用问题未得到应有重视,崇尚粮食区域自给、主产区优势未能发挥。在当前,积极借助粮食国际贸易巩固我国粮食安全成为必然,因而据此调整我国耕地资源利用思路迫在眉睫,具体就是,适当压缩劣质耕地,切实加强粮食主产区建设,根据比较优势理论安排耕地用途,进一步借助科学技术降低粮食生产成本、提高耕地产出能力。

Grain security problem is the first one for every government to solve,and so for our authority.Under the domination of grain self-sufficiency,our authority pay much attention to the development,utilization and protection of domestic cultivated land resources and so feed the nation'face basically.However,such problems exist mainly as numerous reclamation area of cultivated lands and yet obvious degradation of cultivated lands,much attention to the tenure of cultivated land area and neglect of intensive utilization of cultivated lands,and advocating regional self-support of grain and so effacing the comparative predominance of key grain-production regions.Nowadays,it cannot but realize our grain security by dint of international grain trade and so it is urgent to adjust our cultivated land resource utilization,and exact measures are reducing cultivated land area properly,quickening the construction of key grain-production regions,determining the concrete utilization of cultivated lands according to the Comparative Advantage Theory,and accelerating the course of applying S&T to decreasing the grain cost and promoting production capability of cultivated lands.