清末民初人类活动对东川森林破坏的定量评估

Quantitative Eestimate on Destruction Forest Caused by Human Activities in Dongchuan Region of Yongnan Province During Qing Dynasty and Early Stage of Republic of China

对云南东川清代民初“土法炼铜”、农业垦殖和薪炭利用三种主要人类活动对森林植被的破坏作用大小首次进行了定量估算,在方法上充分考虑了森林植被的自我恢复能力和演替速率,因此对清末民初东川三种主要人类活动毁林下限值的计算结果:毁林面积1395.5～1576.1km^2,毁林覆盖率12.2～13.8％,是较为可靠的。该方法在定量研究历史植被方面是一次有益的探索。

The paper quantitatively estimates the magnitudes of destruction forest caused by three kinds of main human activities, i.e. agricultural reclamation, bronze-smelting and cutting for fuel forest, in Dongchuan Region of Yongnan Province during Qing Dynasty and early stage of Republic of China. In the paper, the research method is improved further, and it is a useful new exploration, furthermore, it is considered that ability of forest regeneration or forest successional rate is an important factor that should be considered in the course of quantitative study. By means of the improved new method, not only the magnitudes of destruction forest in various stages of Qing Dynasty and early stage of Republic of China, but also the minimum values of destruction forest at end of Qing Dynasty and at beginning of Republic of China are estimated. Hence, the results are more reliable, more objective than results done by others in old method before.