西藏定结县草地资源与畜牧业可持续发展

On Grassland Resource and the Sustainable Development of Animal Husbandry in Dingjie County, Tibet

畜牧业生产是西藏定结县的支柱产业之一,但由于人类的不合理利用导致该区草地资源出现面积配置与时间利用上的不平衡;割草、放牧兼用草地发展滞后;草畜矛盾突出,草地退化严重以及畜群结构不合理,品种退化,草地利用效率低等问题。为实现该县草地资源的合理有效利用和高原山区畜牧业生产的可持续发展,达到促进全县农村经济发展、调整农村产业结构、提高农牧民经济收入和生活水平的目的,本文提出以下对策措施:①发展人工草地,提高草地抗灾保畜能力;②改良牲畜,提高牲畜质量,发展“效益型畜牧业”;走畜草平衡、以草定畜的道路;④推广饲草加工,实行舍饲养畜;加强草原管理,合理利用草地资源。

The animal husbandry is one of the supporting industries in Dingjie County, Tibet. However, some problems, such as the configuration imbalance and the using imbalance between the winter and spring grassland (including the perennial grasslad)and the summer and autumn grassland; the developmental lagging of mowing and grazing grassland, the outstanding conflict between animal and grass, grassland degradation , etc., are occurred in Dingjie county because of the irrationality of the grassland's using and management for a long time. To accelerate the whole county' s development of rural economy, adjust the rural industry structure and improve the income and living standard, the following measures are put forward: ①to develop manpower grassland, ②to build 'benefit animal husbandry', ③ to feed equal animals according to the quantity of grass, ④to spread forage grass process, ⑤ to enforce grassland management and to use grassland in a rational way, etc.