延安市区水土流失问题与对策刍议

Problems of soil and water loss in Yan'an City proper and countermeasures

通过对延安市区城市化过程中水土流失现状、成因、危害的分析 ,结果发现 ,延安市区的水土流失受人为因素的影响较大 ,其流失强度隐蔽 ,流失物源多样 ,人为倾倒的弃土堆侵蚀模数可达 2 .1 5万～ 1 3.1万t/ (km2 ·年 ) ,城市垃圾、大气降尘等均可产生不同程度的水土流失。延安市区作为典型的黄土高原山涧河谷城市 ,水土流失对城市的大气、水质、防洪等造成了一定影响 。

Based on analyzing the present conditions,reasons and disadvantages of the soil and water loss during Yanan city proper development,we draw a conclusion that the soil and water loss in Yanan city proper is greatly impacted by human beings activities and has the characteristics of concealment of loss intensity and multifold sources of eroded materials.The erosive speed of man made soil heap can get to \{2.15\}×10 4~13.1×10 4 t/(km 2·a),and city rubbish and atmosphere dust also can result in a certain soil and water loss.Yanan city proper is located in a valley of the Loess Plateau,and the urban soil and water loss has certain destructive effects to the atmosphere,water,controlling flood etc.At last,this article gives some advices and protection ways to the soil and water loss problem in Yanan city proper.